Rhea (bird) - Wikipedia. The rheas are large ratites (flightless birds without a keel on their sternum bone) in the order Rheiformes, native to South America, related to the ostrich and emu. There were formerly two, but now three recognized extant species: the greater or American rhea (Rhea americana), the lesser or Darwin's rhea (Rhea pennata) and the puna rhea (Rhea tarapacensis). The greater and puna rheas are currently rated as near- threatened in their native ranges, while Darwin's rhea is of least concern; a feral population of the greater rhea in Germany appears to be growing.
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Etymology. This was fitting, the rhea being a flightless ground bird. Depending on the South American region, the rhea is known locally as . Nandu is the common name in many European languages. Taxonomy and systematics. Regarded as a separate third species by the IUCN.
In 2. 00. 8, the SACC, the last holdout, approved the merging of the genera, Rhea and Pterocnemia on August 7, 2. This merging of genera leaves only the genus Rhea. Their tarsus has 1. They also store urine separately in an expansion of the cloaca.
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They are grassland birds and both species prefer open land. The greater rheas live in open grasslands, pampas, and chaco woodlands. They prefer to breed near water and prefer lowlands, seldom going above 1,5.
On the other hand, the lesser rhea will inhabit most shrubland, grassland, even desert salt puna up to 4,5. Contrary to expectations, the large birds have adapted well to the conditions in the German countryside. During breeding season, the male will attempt to attract females by calling. This call is a loud booming noise.
While calling like this, they will lift the front of their body, ruffle their plumage, all while keeping their neck stiff. They will then extend and raise their wings, and run short distances, alternating with their wings. He may then single out a female and walk alongside or in front of her with a lowered head and spread wings.
If the female notices him, then he will wave his neck back and forth in a figure- eight. Finally, a female may offer herself and copulation will commence.
When in danger they flee in a zig- zag course, using first one wing then the other, similar to a rudder. During breeding season the flocks break up. Outside of the breeding season they gather in flocks and feed with deer and cattle. After mating, the male builds a nest, in which each female lays her eggs in turn. The nest consists of a simple scrape in the ground, lined with grass and leaves. The male will use a decoy system and place some eggs outside the nest and sacrifice these to predators, so that they won't attempt to get inside the nest.
The male may use another subordinate male to incubate his eggs, while he finds another harem to start a second nest. The females, meanwhile, may move on and mate with other males. While caring for the young, the males will charge at any perceived threat that approach the chicks including female rheas and humans.
The young reach full adult size in about six months but do not breed until they reach two years of age. Both are considered near threatened by the IUCN. The IUCN also states that they are both approaching vulnerable status. Feathers are used for feather dusters, skins are used for cloaks or leather, and their meat is a staple to many people.
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